A writer explores artist Betye Saar's donation of her Black doll archive to the New York Historical, connecting it to the landmark "doll test" experiments and contemporary struggles over Black representation and political power.
An exhibition at the New York Historical showcases artist Betye Saar 's collection of Black dolls, which she has donated to the institution. Saar, who is approaching her 100th birthday, began painting watercolors of the dolls during the pandemic.
The display pairs these paintings with historical dolls from the early to mid-20th century in a deep blue room. The writer reflects on her own childhood, where her mother insisted on having only Black dolls in the home, a decision rooted in the famous "doll test" psychological experiments from the 1940s. Conducted by psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Clark, the test demonstrated the damaging effects of segregation on Black children's self-perception by showing a clear preference for white dolls.
This research became pivotal evidence in the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case that ended school segregation. The writer emphasizes the experiment's importance in understanding the psychology of exclusion and how systemic injustice shapes a child's inner world. A particularly striking doll in the exhibit is a topsy-turvy doll with two faces-one Black, one white-displayed with a mirror.
The Black face looks out into the room while the white face appears in the reflection, a piece that evokes the feeling of constant, sometimes hostile, observation that comes with being Black. The writer connects this theme of "hypersurveillance" to the current political moment, citing the Supreme Court's recent gutting of the Voting Rights Act and the systematic removal of Black professionals from federal and academic positions.
This is described as a form of "second Reconstruction," a deliberate effort to shrink Black public life according to a white supremacist vision. Saar's own philosophy is that dolls hold the spirit of the children who loved them, each with a history and energy. The writer sensed these curious spirits while in the gallery. The visit to the doll exhibit was shortly after attending the Schomburg Center's centennial gala at the New York Public Library.
That event, filled with Black artists and intellectuals, provided a stark contrast and a powerful reminder of the resilience and creativity of Black communities. The Schomburg Center itself stands as a testament to the strength of Black imagination, a force that persists despite attempts at erasure
Betye Saar New York Historical Doll Test Kenneth And Mamie Clark Black Dolls Segregation Civil Rights Schomburg Center Doll Exhibit Black Imagination
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