What is the epidemiology of monkeypox infections? CampusBioMedico MDPIOpenAccess Monkeypox Virus Infection Epidemiology
By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Aug 12 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux A recent article published in the journal Infectious Disease Reports has described the epidemiology of monkeypox infections to understand the severity and extent of recent outbreaks in non-endemic countries.
The first outbreak of monkeypox infection outside of Africa was detected in the United States in 2003. The importation of infected animals caused this outbreak. Between 2018 and 2021, only 12 travel-related monkeypox cases were detected outside of Africa. Route of transmission of monkeypox infection The animal-to-human transmission of the monkeypox virus occurs through direct or indirect contact with infected animals or contaminated materials. Before 2022, this was considered to be the primary route of viral transmission.
Clinical course of monkeypox infection Related StoriesThe incubation period of the monkeypox virus ranges from 5 to 21 days. The most common symptoms include fever, headache, chills, fatigue, asthenia, lymph node swelling, back pain, and muscle pain. Flat and raised rashes start appearing at the primary infection site within three days of symptom onset, which subsequently spread to other body parts.
In recent outbreaks, the reproduction number of the virus has been estimated to be higher than one. This highlights the possibility of expanding outbreaks in a high-risk population, including men who have male sexual partners. However, the outbreaks might not be worrisome as the infection is associated with a low mortality rate, self-limiting clinical course, and limited transmission outside of Africa.
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