US scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun helped explain how genes work inside the human body.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 has been awarded to US scientists Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their work on microRNA.
MicroRNAs influence how genes - the instructions for life - are controlled inside organisms, including us.Every cell in the human body contains the same raw genetic information, locked in our DNA. The electrical impulses of nerve cells are distinct from the rhythmic beating of heart cells. The metabolic powerhouse that is a liver cell is distinct to a kidney cell which filters urea out of the blood. The light-sensing abilities of cells in the retina are different in skillset to white blood cells that produce antibodies to fight infection.The US scientists were the first to discover microRNAs and how they exerted control on how genes are expressed differently in different tissues.
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