Rheumatoid arthritis and a severe form of hair loss called alopecia areata might not seem like they have much in common. One causes joint pain and swelling, while the other leads to dramatic, patchy loss of hair.
JAK-inhibitors like baricitinib are able to tone down this immune response in some patients, allowing the hair follicles to begin growing back.
The researchers split 1,200 patients into three groups. Participants were either given a placebo, 2 milligrams of baricitinib, or 4 milligrams of baricitinib for 36 weeks. Those that got given 4 milligrams of baricitinib had the most dramatic results, with over one-third percent of those patients experiencing significant hair growth.
At the start of the trial, all participants had a SALT score of over 50, and by the end of the trial, around 35 percent of the patients on 4 milligrams of baricitinib had a score of 20 or less – an exciting result. Unfortunately, this was not free of side effects for all patients, with the researchers reporting a range of symptoms in the test groups compared to the controls, including worse acne, upper respiratory tract infections, headaches, UTIs, and elevated cholesterol levels.
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