This article explores the practice of Terry stops by Cleveland police officers, examining their legality, controversies, and impact on communities of color. It delves into the history of Terry v. Ohio, the court case that established this practice, and investigates whether Cleveland police are adhering to the required standard of reasonable suspicion.
This article was published in partnership with The Marshall Project, a nonprofit news organization covering the U.S. criminal justice system, and News 5 Cleveland. Sign up for The Marshall Project’s Cleveland newsletter and follow them on Instagram, TikTok, Reddit and Facebook.Cleveland police officers stop thousands of people every year, mostly to hand out traffic tickets. In 2023, the department reported making nearly 17,000 stops — about 45 a day.
More than 700 of those were Terry stops, where officers briefly question a person they suspect might be involved in a crime. Nationally, a Terry stop has become known as a stop-and-frisk.This practice has always been controversial, especially in communities of color where the use of field interrogations has caused friction and eroded trust. A U.S. Supreme Court decision related to a Cleveland arrest, Terry v. Ohio, established the power of police to stop, question and search people they suspect of wrongdoing.What happened in the case that led to the Ohio v. Terry decision?What makes it a Terry stop?What isn’t evidence of reasonable suspicion?How does this work in Cleveland?What about stopping children? Does it work the same way?Who gets to decide whether an officer made the right decision?Has anyone from Cleveland challenged an officer’s decision?Have questions about police stops? Want to share an experience?In 2014, a U.S. Department of Justice investigation found that Cleveland police officers were falling short of the court’s standard, which required them to have reasonable suspicion to stop people.Officers weren’t noting why they stopped people in their reports, and Black residents told investigators they felt targeted by police. Federal officials stopped short of accusing the department of racial profiling.After that, Cleveland officials signed a federal consent decree and agreed to update department policies on stops and searche
CLEVELAND POLICE TERRY STOPS STOP AND FRISK RACIAL PROFILING CRIMINAL JUSTICE
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