This article explores the concept of biophilia, the human affinity for nature. It examines Edward O. Wilson's theory of biophilia as an inborn instinct and contrasts it with a new hypothesis that proposes biophilia as a learned trait with individual variations.
The new Biophilia Reactivity Hypothesis views biophilia as a trait with large individual differences.Why does a walk in the woods seem so relaxing? Why do Americans spend $45 billion a year on bird watching? And why will nearly 10 percent of the world’s population visit a zoo or an aquarium this year? The great Harvard University evolutionary biologist Edward O.
Wilson’s concept certainly rings true to me. As a child growing up in South Florida, I was drawn to the creepy crawlies. I roamed the vacant lots around our neighborhood chasing skinks and searching for snakes and tree frogs. As a nerdy high school kid in New Jersey, I shared my bedroom with an array of exotic. Years later, my fascination with the worlds of other species led me to investigate alligator love songs and the personalities of baby snakes.Wilson's theory, however, has its critics.
Would both animal protectionists and recreation hunters score high on measures of attraction to the natural world? Do high scores on the biophilia scale predict choices in college majors, occupational pathways, or where people choose to live? What types of experiences influence differences in our needs to affiliate with the natural world--for example, being raised in the country versus the city?Woods, V., & Knuth, M. . The Biophilia Reactivity Hypothesis: biophilia as a temperament trait, or more precisely, a domain specific attraction to biodiversity.Kobayashi, H., Song, C., Ikei, H., Kagawa, T., & Miyazaki, Y. . Analysis of individual variations in autonomic responses to urban and forest environments.Chang, C. C., Cox, D.
BIOPHILIA HUMAN NATURE EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LEARNING TEMPERAMENT
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