Without Egg, Sperm or Womb: Synthetic Mouse Embryo Models Created Solely from Stem Cells An egg meets a sperm – that’s a necessary first step in life’s beginnings. In embryonic development research, it’s also a common first step. However, in a new study published on August 1, 2022, in the journal C
in March 2021, was the electronically controlled device the team had developed over seven years of trial and error for growing natural mouse embryos outside the womb. The device keeps the embryos bathed in a nutrient solution inside of beakers that move continuously, simulating the way nutrients are supplied by material blood flow to the placenta, and closely controls oxygen exchange and atmospheric pressure.
“The embryo is the best organ-making machine and the best 3D bioprinter – we tried to emulate what it does.” Soon after being mixed together inside the device, the three groups of cells convened into aggregates, the vast majority of which failed to develop properly. But about 0.5 percent – 50 of around 10,000 – went on to form spheres, each of which later became an elongated, embryo-like structure.
In addition to helping reduce the use of animals in research, synthetic embryo models might in the future become a reliable source of cells, tissues, and organs for transplantation. “Instead of developing a different protocol for growing each cell type – for example, those of the kidney or liver – we may one day be able to create a synthetic embryo-like model and then isolate the cells we need. We won’t need to dictate to the emerging organs how they must develop.
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