Why an Outbreak of Ebola’s Lethal Cousin Could Help Us Test a New Vaccine

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Why an Outbreak of Ebola’s Lethal Cousin Could Help Us Test a New Vaccine
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Stopping a Marburg virus outbreak is hard enough. Preventing the next one is even tougher.

Keeping in mind all these challenges, the best strategy to test potential vaccines would follow a technique used during the eradication of smallpox, called ring vaccination. The process involves identifying a “ring” of close contacts to a positive case, then vaccinating them as well as their close contacts, just to be safe.

If it isn’t clear, both of these strategies require an immense amount of health-care staff, time, and money. As Cross put it, “These kinds of trials would really only be possible where adequate funding to support stockpiling of clinical-grade material is possible—a point that has been a continual challenge” for emerging pathogens like Marburg.

Some of this work is already being undertaken. In 2020, for instance, researchers in the U.S. and Sierra Leonecarrying the virus in four different districts in Sierra Leone. While there has not yet been an outbreak of Marburg virus in the country, its neighbor to the north—Guinea—declared an outbreak the next year. To Cross, this represented a success of public health surveillance.

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