2024 has been the year of the Aurora Borealis, and another spectacular show fired off around the globe recently.
An aurora borealis captured in the Anderson/Happy Valley area of Shasta County, Calif., on Thursday night, Oct. 10, 2024. , and another spectacular show fired off around the globe recently. Photographers can't stop themselves from capturing the beautiful sky colors.The reason 2024 has been so active for aurora viewing is because we are in the peak of an 11-year cycle of solar activity.
The CMEs pull away from the sun and hurl into space. The size, speed, and strength of a CME can vary greatly. CMEs typically arrive at Earth in three to five days, but the fastest have been found to reach our planet in as little as 15 to 18 hours! The colors, intensity, shape, and coverage of an aurora borealis event correlate to the Kp index as such: Kp0 means we might see faint green, from Kp3 we might see some yellows, Kp4 brings pink, Kp5 brings blue and purple, and at Kp8 red becomes part of the mix. Thus, greens are common with lower Kp values, but the blues, purples, and red become visible in only more intense Geomagnetic storms.
G5 storms are rare. Until the massive rounds of aurora borealis in May of 2024, a G5 storm hadn’t been observed since 2003. Because severe geomagnetic storms have the potential to affect global navigation satellite systems, scientists work to understand how to improve those systems during such storms.Green northern lights are by far the most common. They become visible when the oxygen in the lower atmosphere gets excited by the changes in the magnetosphere.
Northern Lights Solar Storm Geomagnetic Storm Cmes Kp Index 2024 Space Weather
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