Despite well-documented risks, up to 30 percent of youth athletes today play a single sport to the exclusion of others.
“While sport specialization has its well-documented negatives, young athletes continue to pursue the pathway,” says Neeru Jayanthi, co-director of Emory Healthcare’s Youth Sports Medicine program. So, rather than try to dissuade young specialized athletes, Jayanthi works with them to make the best of the situation.“I think it’s probably naive to just say, all right, we’ll take this adolescent, high-level, single-sport player and say, now go play another sport.
A second key is encouraging free play, such as swimming in the summer or playing at recess. “There’s a principle called sports training ratio, essentially the ratio of organized training in sport versus recreational free play, and if that ratio exceeds two to one, we know there’s this increased risk of overuse injury,” Schley says.
“Young athletes should train based on their stage of development, where the most intense competitive training is when they are past their peak height velocity or growth spurt,” Jayanthi says.but generally falls short of developing the individual as a whole athlete. Playing other sports develops diverse movement skills, ones that can be applied to the original sport.
To evaluate the differences in biomechanics between sport-specializers and multisport athletes as they mature, a group of researchers from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital selected matched subjects from a database of 1,116 female adolescent basketball, soccer and volleyball athletes in 2019.The final group of subjects, 158 in total, were made up of an equal number of sport-specialized and multisport athletes.
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