When discussing advantages and disadvantages of well-known personality traits, such as extroversion-introversion, we need to fully understand the personality-behavior relationship.
It takes deeper analysis to understand the true relationship between personality and behavior.is probably the most recognizable personality characteristic for members of the general public. As a result, there are many common stereotypes and biases about this core personality construct.
Many see extroversion as advantageous because extroverts are friendly, outgoing, and sociable. In fact, these beliefs about this particular personality trait have become part of our everyday language .suggests that possession of extroversion is related to positive outcomes in the workplace, such as performance in a job interview and in building positive relationships with others, but the positive effects tend to be pretty small . On the other hand, there is a belief that introverts also have certain advantages. One commonly-held belief is that while extroverts are outgoing and talkative, introverts are better listeners. This was tested in a recent series of studies . In that research, there was no firm evidence of an introversion listening advantage. Are these beliefs about the personality trait of extroversion-introversion simply wrong, or are we missing the bigger picture?There are several reasons why personality traits don’t consistently predict behaviors that people believe should be clearly related to thatWe label people as being of one type – either an introvert or an extrovert. But, personality traits are assumed to be normally distributed . The bell shape represents people’s scores on this continuous dimension, with few people in the extremes and most people scoring in the middle. What that means is that those people clustered around the mean/midpoint aren’t very different from one another when it comes to possession of introversion-extroversion. Only those relatively few individuals in the “tails” of the distribution look like “true” introverts or extroverts. Simply dividing people at the midpoint into two types then “waters down” the fact that true introverts and extroverts may indeed differ in their behaviors.and being able to network with people effectively are also skills. What some of this research suggests is that if you want to more accurately predict certain social behaviors, measuring possession of skills is a better predictor of outcomes. Take performance in a job interview. If you are a skilled communicator, able to easily express yourself, you are more likely to present yourself well and get the job. Extroverts, because they spend more time than introverts with people, may have a slight advantage in developing the communication skills required for a good job interview performance. So, there may be an extroversion advantage there. But, if the introvert works on developing their communication skills, they might perform as well, negating the extroversion advantage. We found this when we explored the extroversion advantage in leader emergence. There is good evidence that extroverts are more likely than introverts to attain positions of. However, when we did a mediational analysis, taking into account these individuals’ possession of communication skills, the extroversion advantage disappeared . Simply put, extroverts and introverts, if they possessed high levels of social skills, were just as likely to attain leadership positions. This makes sense because it is the skills that matter .The takeaways: We need to fully test common sense beliefs about how personality traits might affect behaviors; Skills are often more predictive of social behaviors than are personality traits .Wilmot, M. P., Wanberg, C. R., Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., & Ones, D. S. . Extraversion advantages at work: A quantitative review and synthesis of the meta-analytic evidence.Winchester, C. C., Wanberg, C. R., Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., & Campbell, E. M. . The ear of the beholder: Does listener introversion predict perceptions of being heard?.Guerin, D. W., Oliver, P. H., Gottfried, A. W., Gottfried, A. E., Reichard, R. J., & Riggio, R. E. . Childhood and adolescent antecedents of social skills and leadership potential in adulthood: Temperamental approach/withdrawal and extraversion.Friedman, H.S. . The concept of skill in nonverbal communication: Implications for understanding social interaction. In R. Rosenthal , Skill in nonverbal communication . Oegelschlager, Gunn & Hain.Self Tests are all about you. Are you outgoing or introverted? Are you a narcissist? Does perfectionism hold you back? Find out the answers to these questions and more with Psychology Today.
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