Shark attacks likely don't happen because they think humans are seals. Here's what the latest research finds is a more likely reason.
, shark attacks. Sharks attack humans extremely rarely, with only about 16 bites in the whole U.S. in a given year, and one fatality every two years.
There is really no comparable sensory experience for us, even when we are in the water. To a shark, you probably have a kind of mechanical and electrical"presence" as an object, which they feel with their whole bodies. These senses are especially important in moment-to-moment adjustments in chases and attacks. Sharks, unlike us, also possess highly sensitivesystems that help them to track prey in shallow water and to navigate among feeding grounds over miles of open ocean.
Unlike humans and most vertebrates, which adjust from near to far vision by changing the shape of their eyes' lenses, sharks use a different approach. They use tiny muscles to move their lenses forward and backward within their eyes, much like what happens inside a pair of binoculars when you turn the focus wheel.
So this is not a case where a species just physically can't escape from some biological constraint. Instead, having just one cone is seemingly"better" than two—if you are a shark. Interestingly, the seals they hunt are also cone monochromats , so this might represent a kind of evolutionary"arms reduction treaty."Beyond the eye, ecology has likely shaped sharks' visual abilities.
Wetsuits, which give us seal-like skin, have been proposed to add to the similarity. In addition, murky water stirred up before an attack may contribute to a mistakenHowever, this idea has recently been challenged. Sharks species that do not feed on seals have been found to bite humans. Patterns of attack also seem to differ for humans compared to seals. In addition, shark attacks have been found to occur in perfectly clear water.
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