Essay: The Second Vatican Council, opened 60 years ago by Pope John XXIII, transformed both the Catholic Church and world history, writes George Weigel
Pope Paul VI and cardinals arrive in the Basilica of St. Peter for a meeting of the Second Vatican Council in November 1965.The Second Vatican Council, which opened 60 years ago on Oct. 11, 1962, was the most important Catholic event in half a millennium. Its achievements were many and notable; it was also followed by ecclesiastical upheavals that continue to roil the Church today.
After Vatican II, Catholics worshiped in their own languages, rather than in Latin. By urging Catholics to become more biblically literate, the council inspired lay communities of spiritual renewal, some of them robustly charismatic. It also led to greater lay participation in all aspects of Church life: liturgical, educational, managerial, evangelical.
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