Early detection and prompt treatment could prevent long-term health effects of acute kidney injury, a condition that commonly arises while people are in hospital.
The kidneys are responsible for filtering toxins and by-products of metabolism out of the blood. At the heart of this purification system are hundreds of thousands of tubular structures known as nephrons.Everybody is born with a finite number of nephrons, which then declines as we age. This means that older people are more vulnerable to the effects of nephron damage, because they typically have fewer healthy nephrons at the onset of injury.
Even mild AKI might increase the risk of death for people in hospital. In the most severe cases, the odds of death have been estimated to be around six-times higherAn unwanted gift AKI can be community acquired — as a complication of existing health problems, for instance — but in high-income countries it is thought to occur most commonly in hospitals as a consequence of factors such as surgery or sepsis.Currently, the only way to treat AKI is renal replacement therapy, which usually involves dialysis. This is generally effective, but it is costly and onerous for patients and is typically reserved for people who are severely ill.
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