Dark matter played a role in early galaxy formation and it may have been affected by supersonic interactions witih regular matter.
What is it about galaxies and dark matter? Most, if not all galaxies are surrounded by halos of this mysterious, unknown, but ubiquitous material. And, it also played a role in galaxy formation. The nature of that role is something astronomers are still figuring out. Today, they’re searching the infant Universe, looking for the tiniest, brightest galaxies. That’s because they could help tell the tale of dark matter’s role in galactic creation.
Naoz’s team thinks that the existence of those smaller, brighter, more distant galaxies could confirm the so-called “cold dark matter” model. It suggests that the Universe was in a hot dense state containing only gases after the Big Bang. Over time, it evolved to a lumpy distribution of galaxies . Along the way, stars and galaxies formed, but the earliest steps likely depend on gravitational interaction with dark matter.
“The discovery of patches of small, bright galaxies in the early universe would confirm that we are on the right track with the cold dark matter model because only the velocity between two kinds of matter can produce the type of galaxy we’re looking for,” said Naoz. “If dark matter does not behave like standard cold dark matter and the streaming effect isn’t present, then these bright dwarf galaxies won’t be found and we need to go back to the drawing board.
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