The 2021/22 academic year saw a 53% fall in the number of first-year EU students enrolling at British universities.
UK universities continue to attract international students, but enrolments from EU students have fallen. The number of international students and staff at British universities has risen steadily over the past decade.
UK universities continue to attract international students, but enrolments from EU students have fallen.. The number of international students and staff at British universities has risen steadily over the past decade. The 2021–22 academic year was no exception, with almost 680,000 international students enrolling in graduate and undergraduate courses in the United Kingdom. But, for the first time, British universities reported a sharp decline in the number of first-year students from the European Union. “It’s not a big surprise to anyone to see this trend”, says Simon Kemp, a press and communications officer at HESA. The decrease coincides with the introduction of policies that shifted the financial and immigration status of EU students after the one-year ‘transition period’ that followed Britain’s departure from the bloc in 2020.Universities in the United Kingdom attract hundreds of thousands of international students every year. For the past decade, a large portion of these students have hailed from EU countries. But the United Kingdom’s 2016 vote to leave the EU shifted the ground in many academic circles. Since then, universities in Britain have seen a stagnation in the numbers of both staff and students coming from the EU. Post-Brexit, this seems to have developed into a downwards trend. During the academic years 2017–18 to 2020–21, the number of first-year students coming from EU countries hovered around 65,000. But in 2021/22, that number plummeted to 31,400 — a drop of around 53% compared with the previous academic year .This steep decline isn’t surprising, says Charley Robinson, head of global mobility at Universities UK International, a group that represents UK universities around the world. Before Brexit, students from the EU were charged the same tuition fees as UK citizens and could access certain student loans. But in 2021, when the transition period ended, new students from the EU lost this status and are now charged the same fees as other international students. A similar — though less severe — trend has played out among university staff. The overall number of EU nationals working at British universities has grown over the past few decades. But the total number of EU staff fell for the second year in a row in 2021/22, dropping by 1%. This could be because of bureaucratic hurdles facing workers from the EU. “The broad assumption is that Brexit has something to do with it,” he adds. “It’s simply not as easy as it used to be to come from the EU and work in the UK.”Despite the fall in enrolments from EU countries, UK universities continue to attract international staff and students. The number of international staff from countries outside the EU rose by 9% between the 2020–21 and 2021–2022 academic years. The number of first-year non-EU international students also increased, from around 189,500 in 2017–18 to more than 350,300 in 2021–22.In 2021–22, around 27% of the entire international student body — some 183,600 students — came from China. This number was higher than in the previous year, possibly owing to a rebound after the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The last academic year also saw an increase in the number of first-year students from countries in southeast Asia and West Africa. From 2020–21 to 2021–22, there was a 50% rise in students from India, which accounts for around 23% of all international students. The rising number of students from outside the EU could be a result of policies intended to attract international students, says Ben Moore, a policy manager at the Russell Group, which represents 24 leading universities in the United Kingdom. Among these policies are the re-emergence of visas allowing some students to stay in the country for up to three years after graduating. Attracting and retaining international talent will require stable immigration policies in the future, says Robinson. “Every part of the UK benefits from having international students,” she says. “We can’t afford to be complacent.” Kemp suspects that the downward trend in EU students will stabilize in the next few years. But he adds that UK universities will have to work harder to attract students from the European Union, “since it’s now much, much more expensive for them”.
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