The exoplanets with masses similar to the Earth were found rapidly orbiting a red dwarf less than 16 light years away.
in the Atacama desert region of Northern Chile, and CARMENES at the Calar Alto Observatory in Andalucía, Southern Spain.
The two instruments observed the planets' parent star during two separate periods, CARMENES studied GJ 1002 between 2017 and 2019, while ESPRESSO collected data from the red dwarf between 2019 and 2021. CARMENES' sensitivity over a wide range of near-infrared wavelengths makes it well-suited to detecting variations in the velocities of stars that can indicate orbiting planets.
"Because of its low temperature the visible light from GJ 1002 is too faint to measure its variations in velocity with the majority of spectrographs" a researcher at the Institute of Space Sciences , Ignasi Ribas, explained. While ESPRESSO and the light-gathering power of the VLT allowed astronomers to make observations of the system that wouldn't have been possible with any other Earth-based telescope, it was the combination of these two powerful instruments that delivered results which in isolation would have struggled to achieve and lead to the discovery of these"Either of the two groups would have had many difficulties if they had tackled this work independently," concluded Suárez...
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