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This Approved MS Drug Could Treat Alzheimer's, Scientists Say

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This Approved MS Drug Could Treat Alzheimer's, Scientists Say
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An oral medication approved to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) could also put the brakes on inflammation thought to play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease, new research suggests.

For some reason, microglia can also switch into overdrive, prompting them to flood their surroundings with signaling chemicals called cytokines that puts the tissues into a state of high alert. As with MS, this boost of inflammation can damage nerves, leading to the steady degeneration we associate with the symptoms of dementia, such as confusion, loss of judgment, and memory loss.

Since the same sphingolipid that gives T and B cells a hall pass also activates receptors on the microglia, Bieberich and his team wondered if a drug like ponesimod might flick microglia's switches, forcing them to silently focus their efforts on clean-up. Using mice genetically engineered to present human-like features of Alzheimer's disease, and post-mortem samples of brain tissue donated by Alzheimer's patients, the researchers investigated both the role of the sphingolipid in mediating microglia activity and the consequences of blocking it. So far the results look encouraging, with clear signs that ponesimod reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and triggers anti-inflammatory signaling that encourages microglia to gobble up troublesome protein clumps and tangles in the brain. "In our study, we reprogrammed microglia into neuron-protective cells that clean up toxic proteins in the brain, reduce Alzheimer's neuroinflammatory pathology, and improve memory in the mouse model,"As with any medication that shows promise, there is still a need to replicate the effects safely in people before we can consider this a suitable treatment for human patients. Yet piggy-backing on a pharmaceutical that has proven its safety and efficacy clears a significant amount of red tape and expense. Having cost-effective ways to slow or even rewind the debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease is quickly becoming a global priority.worldwide live with dementia. By the middle of the century, this figure is expected to soar as populations age, nearly tripling to just under 140 million. Most of this growth is expected to take place in developing nations. "Since this drug is already in clinical use for therapy of relapsing multiple sclerosis, it is immediately available to be used in Alzheimer's disease therapy as well,"

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