This 160-million-year-old fish gouged out its victims’ flesh

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This 160-million-year-old fish gouged out its victims’ flesh
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Newly discovered species of ancient lampreys, eel-like swimmers with sharp suction cups for mouths, are helping scientists reconstruct the evolutionary history of these slithery parasites.

Large lampreys from the Jurassic period, found in China, reveal the early days of these suction cup-mouthed parasites of the sea.Lampreys have been feeding on flesh and blood since the depths of prehistory. These jawless, eel-like creatures have suctioning discs lined with teeth for mouths, which many modern species use to latch on to prey and suck blood from their living hosts.

Paleontologists usually don’t get to examine prehistoric lampreys in such detail. Despite existing for more than 360 million years, ancient lampreys are hard to find. “The lamprey fossil record is very sparse and poor,” Miyashita says, with mostly small species, only a few inches long, known from the first two hundred million years of their history.

The new fossils are “fascinating material,” he notes, providing a wealth of new information about a group of ancient animals that is mostly known from just a few isolated mouth parts. Now it is clear that by the Jurassic period, lampreys had evolved an impressive bite. A herd of hadrosaurs. A tiny Cretaceous mammal. The tooth of a predator. An “exceptional” fossil site in South America is giving scientists a new window into the end of the dinosaur age.

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