These shrewd leaders led their armies to multiple victories on the battlefield that put the island nation closer to unification after decades of political turmoil
Starting in the late 12th century, Japan evolved into a feudal realm. While the emperor was the named head of state, military commanders known as shoguns were the de facto rulers. Serving their leader, local feudal lords, calledoversaw regional provinces. Each daimyo, who typically came from the samurai class, relied heavily on the elite, highly trained samurais, to defend his estates and expand his lands in exchange for their own property.
Through a series of strategic family marriages and equally strategic battles, Nobunaga went on to consolidate control of many of his opponents’ territories. His armies, formerly split into diverse clan units, became a more centralized force with soldiers organized by function. Among them were warriors using a weapon new to Japan: the firearm.
Destroying the castles of his more minor rivals, he went on to build several impressive castles throughout Japan, including Osaka Castle. This magnificent fortress served as his power base and a symbol of his authority. Hideyoshi’s castle-building projects contributed to the development of advanced architecture and engineering techniques.Image By Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, Bequest of William S.
In 1605, Ieyasu “retired,” handing off the reins of shogun to his son, Hidetada—in effect, serving notice that since the shogun in theory was the servant of the figurehead Japanese emperor, it was the House of Tokugawa that was Japan’s real dynasty.
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