The Secret Keepers of Earth’s History: Zircons Reveal Billion-Year Geological Mysteries

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The Secret Keepers of Earth’s History: Zircons Reveal Billion-Year Geological Mysteries
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Science, Space and Technology News 2024

Zircons, a mineral nearly as old as Earth itself, is a timekeeper, and also provides a chemical window into many geological phenomena, such as oxidation state. By determining the oxidation levels of the magmas that formed these detrital zircons, scientists are able to deduce the onset of crust-to-mantle recycling, weathering, and the supercontinent cycle. Credit: Science China Press

Zircons, a mineral nearly as old as Earth itself, crystalize when magmas cool and can be found in trace quantities in magmatic rocks. The formation of magma constitutes the mountains in the Earth. Through interactions with water and the atmosphere, the mountains break down into sediments. Moving average of ΔFMQ of the igneous-derived and the sediment-derived zircon with the supercontinent amalgamation intervals. The more reduced magmas associated with sedimentary sources with a ca. 600 Ma cyclicity, became established at 2.6 billion years. Credit: Science China Press

“Previous methods include Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* oxybarometers, but each has limitations related to temperature, pressure, host rock chemical compositional variations, or precision of REE elements needed to measure the Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* anomalies.” Bob Loucks from Western Australia says.This improved oxybarometer allows a more confident evaluation of the variation in oxidation state, which can now be interpreted in terms of global tectonic changes with time.

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