Climatechange threatens 771 endangered plant and lichen species PLOSClimate
], by climate change. For these reasons, humidity was included as a sensitivity factor in this study, so our protocol assesses nine factors.
Additionally, we examined ESA documentation to see if climate change was recognized as a threat to a species and if any actions were being taken to mitigate the threats posed by climate change. The goal of this analysis was to examine if there were any discrepancies between the frequency that climate change was recognized as a threat in comparison to how often actions were taken to address those threats directly.
When evaluating a species for if climate change was recognized as a threat: a species would only be moved into the “recognized as a threat” category if climate change was explicitly named. In some documents, climate change is alluded to without being explicitly named. Under the coding scheme, a species like this would be given a “not recognized as a threat” score. Finally, if climate change was explicitly identified as not a threat, the species was labeled “not a threat.
We then asked: are conservation actions being taken to address the threats of climate change? If actions to mitigate the threats of climate change were not mentioned, the species received a score of “No Discussion.” In cases where climate change was explicitly identified as not a threat, the species received a score of “No Threat and No Action Needed.” For certain species, climate change is identified as a threat and there is a recognized general need for further research.
During analysis of documents for “threats” and “actions,” coding was done conservatively. As a result, the numbers from this study are minimums rather than maximums in terms of climate change recognition and action. Additionally, some species only had listing decisions available as documentation. Listing decisions do not contain actions, so these species were classified as “newly listed.”—are listed amongst the plants. There is no other federal system that assesses rare and at-risk fungi [].
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