It is losing so much water that it may raise global sea levels by a millimetre this year
GREENLAND’S misnomer is the result of a marketing campaign by Erik the Red who wished to attract Viking settlers to its icy landscape. Little did he know that the land had been covered in lush forests many millennia before he was born. Nor could he have fathomed that, a millennium after his death, the vast ice sheet would be in rapid retreat.
Several factors are to blame. First, a natural cycle known as the North Atlantic Oscillation is encouraging ice-melt. Then there is long-term warming driven by rising greenhouse-gas emissions. Third, climate change has also weakened the jet stream, allowing a warm and humid weather system to settle over northeastern Greenland.
The extent of the melting is not entirely unprecedented for this time of year. Researchers have seen similar events in 2002, 2007 and 2012. Each portended a record low at the end of the summer.
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