Physicists describe the successful creation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC).
Physicists describe the successful creation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate . Made up of dipolar sodium-cesium molecules that were cooled with the help of microwave shielding to just 5 nanoKelvin and lasted for up to two seconds, the new molecular BEC will help scientists explore a number of different quantum phenomena, including new types of superfluidity, and enable the creation of quantum simulators to ecreate the enigmatic properties of complex materials, like solid crystals.
Research the Will lab is excited to pursue with their molecular BECs includes exploring a number of different quantum phenomena, including new types of superfluidity, a state of matter that flows without experiencing any friction. They also hope to turn their BECs into simulators that can recreate the enigmatic quantum properties of more complex materials, like solid crystals.
While you may be familiar with the role of microwaves in heating up your food, it turns out they can also facilitate cooling. Individual molecules have a tendency to bump into each other and will, as a result, form bigger complexes that disappear from the samples. Microwaves can create small shields around each molecule that prevent them from colliding, an idea proposed by Karman, their collaborator in the Netherlands.
The Columbia team, meanwhile, is excited to have a theoretical description of interactions between molecules that have been validated experimentally."We really have a good idea of the interactions in this system, which is also critical for the next steps, like exploring dipolar many-body physics," said Karman."We've come up with schemes to control interactions, tested these in theory, and implemented them in the experiment.
That includes dimensionality, said co-first author and PhD student Weijun Yuan."We would like to use the BECs in a 2D system. When you go from three dimensions to two, you can always expect new physics to emerge," he said. 2D materials are a major area of research at Columbia; having a model system made of molecular BECs could help Will and his condensed matter colleagues explore quantum phenomena including superconductivity, superfluidity, and more.
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