The Brazilian flea toad may be the world’s smallest vertebrate

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The Brazilian flea toad may be the world’s smallest vertebrate
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Brazilian flea toads are neither a flea nor a toad, but they are almost flea-sized. The frogs are small enough to fit on a pinkie fingernail.

Scientists have bestowed the frog — which is native to Brazil but is neither a flea nor a toad — with two titles:. That’s roughly half a millimeter shorter than the previous record holder and small enough to sit comfortably on a pinkie fingernail.

Solé, of the Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz in Ilhéus, Brazil, and colleagues discovered the diminutive male amphibian among 46 adult Brazilian flea toads — 24 males and 22 females. On average, males measure about 7 millimeters long and females measure about 8 millimeters, the team reports. Their predecessor, maleFrogs this minuscule have big changes to their bodies compared with their larger counterparts.

). Brazilian flea toad ears haven’t been tested, Solé says, but the animals seem to be decent hoppers. With many of Earth’s nooks and crannies still unexplored, there are likely even tinier vertebrates waiting to be discovered, Solé says. Anything smaller than about six millimeters long “would really challenge morphology and physics,” he says. “But who knows.”

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