Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the staple that feeds over half of the globe, has undergone significant transformation and regeneration advancements over the last two decades. Although agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been successful in several rice cultivars, it has encountered efficiency obstacles, particularly in newly developed indica cultivars from South China. The absence of a consistent 'gold standard' protocol for transformation, particularly in indica varieties, highlights the need for more in-depth exploration and understanding.
To generate transgenic plants and evaluate the performance of callus culture, researchers used two plasmids: one for GSN1 overexpression and the other for knocking out GSN1 through CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing., as well as callus induction rate, the ranking of these six varieties is as follows: ZH11 , ZS97 , NGZ , YD6 , HHZ and Kasalath .
These results confirmed that the indica rice cultivars NGZ has good callus induction ability under commercial Callus Induction Medium conditions. Moreover, T2 seed phenotypes from the six cultivars confirmed successful transformations and phenotypic changes consistent with genetic modifications.
In summary, this study provides a deeper understanding of the agrobacterium-mediated transformation process specific to rice. The revelation about differential responses across cultivars, combined with the nuanced grain phenotype changes post-transformation, holds profound implications. It shows potential for improvement in transformation techniques and ultimately aiding the development of robust and high-yielding rice variants in the future, addressing global food security concerns.
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