A new study reveals that while plant-based fats found in grains, oils, fruits, and veggies decrease the risk of death, animal-based fats in meat, dairy, and eggs increase them.
Sept. 3, 2024 – You probably already know that a diet heavy in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods is better for you than one that skews toward meat and dairy. But up to now, dietary research has failed to explain the precise impact of specific kinds of dietary fats on health.looked at how eating fats from plants, compared to fats from animals, affects how long people live.
When they enrolled, the people in the study filled out a questionnaire that included questions about their dietary habits, broken down to 124 dietary items and portion sizes. Total dietary fat intake included both plant sources and animal sources . A higher consumption of fat from dairy products and eggs showed increased risks of overall mortality, including from cardiovascular diseases, while eating greater amounts of fat from white meat was tied to lower risks. Fat from red meat carried higher mortality risks; in contrast, higher fat consumption from fish was not significantly linked to an increase in the risk of death overall or death from diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
Because of the fatty plaques that can build up in human arteries over time, altering one’s diet can have very different impacts on heart health, depending on when in life a person makes that change, said Walter Willett, MD, a professor of epidemiology and nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. It takes a long time for these plaques to diminish, so the earlier one moves to a more plant-based diet, the better, he said.
Between those two issues and problems with the validity of the questionnaire, he said, “the correlations they describe will lead to about a 2-fold underestimation of the effect of diet . Putting all sources together, they are probably underestimating the effects of diet by about 4-fold or even more.”
“The trans fat issue is real, and there are questions about how that would have impacted our follow-up and the mortality in our population. That’s continuing to be explored, given that it’s a more recent development.”
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