Tumours could be reduced by targeting genetic material driving their growth with a new drug in early-stage trials
Scientists have raised hopes of treating some of the most aggressive cases of cancer by targeting small fragments of rogue DNA that help tumours thrive and become resistant to chemotherapy.
Most genes in human cells are carried on 23 pairs of chromosomes that sit inside the cell nucleus. But sometimes fragments break off the chromosomes and form circles of ecDNA that sit apart from the chromosomes. Until recently, ecDNA was considered rare and inconsequential in the development of cancer.in Nature, the researchers detail a deep dive into the origins and implications of ecDNA. They found that 17.
Rapid and chaotic replication of ecDNA also drives tumours, the researchers found. When a cancer cell divides, each resulting cell inherits the same number of chromosomes. But if the initial cell contains multiple ecDNAs, these can be passed on unevenly, with one of the cells formed by division inheriting more than the others. This increases the tumour’s genetic diversity, boosting its resilience to anti-cancer drugs.
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