Science, Space and Technology News 2024
Strong coupling between localized atomic vibrations and spin fluctuations increases the absorption and release of heat, shown from the bottom to the top, in a magnetic shape-memory alloy, improving its capacity for solid-state cooling. Credit: Phoenix Pleasant/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy
This technology, which operates without traditional refrigerants or moving parts, uses materials like nickel-cobalt-manganese-indium magnetic shape-memory alloys to exploit the magnetocaloric effect for efficient cooling. Although the discovery of improved materials and the invention of higher-quality devices are already helping to promote the growth of the new cooling method, a deeper understanding of material enhancements is essential. The research team used a suite of neutron-scattering instruments to examine at the atomic scale a material that scientists consider to be an optimal candidate for use in solid-state cooling.
Neutron scattering shows that the cooling capacity of the magnetic shape-memory alloy is tripled by the heat contained within these local magnon-phonon hybrid modes that form because of the disorder in the system. This finding reveals a path to make better materials for solid-state cooling applications for societal needs.The scientists revealed that the modes cause the phonons to be significantly altered or shifted by the presence of a magnetic field.
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