Should We Build a Nature Reserve on Mars? - Universe Today
, “a rhythmically occurring natural phenomenon which acts as a cue in the regulation of the body’s circadian rhythms,” according to the dictionary definition. Martian day length is similar to Earth’s, so diurnal rhythms may not be a challenging issue.
An ETNR would need soil. Mars has a basaltic crust that contains many nutrients necessary for Terran plants. “Basalt-derived soils with volcanic ash are good agricultural soils,” Smith writes while referencing other research. “Crushed basalt can increase soil pH, while its dissolution releases beneficial nutrients, including phosphorus.” Phosphorus is one of the three primary nutrients plants need to grow: nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Then there are Martian dust storms. Some of Mars’ regolith is so fine it’s sent aloft in storms that are sometimes larger than the continental US. It collects on surfaces and is a problem for solar panels on Martian landers. It also lowers the amount of solar energy reaching the surface, putting further strain on photosynthesis.
Gravity affects more than just plant growth. It governs a multitude of other things that have to be accounted for. “Leaf and propagule fall, leaping, flight, deadwood collapse, raindrop impact and drainage of water contribute dynamism,” Smith explains. But lower gravity could provide some benefits, too. Mars’ lower light could contribute to “leggy” growth in plants, weaker stems, and less vigorous growth overall. Lower gravity might balance some of those negative effects.
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