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and helping people lose weight. But the new study found semaglutide appears to protect joints in mice through a mechanism that's not about easing pressure through weight loss. Instead, the drug reprograms the metabolism of cells that synthesize and maintain healthy cartilage, allowing them to generate more energy.
"This work not only highlights the potential off-target effect of semaglutide as an effective drug to treat metabolic osteoarthritis," the team from China and the USIn addition to mouse experiments, the researchers also conducted a randomized human trial to assess the effects of semaglutide on pain, mobility, and tissue degradation in individuals with osteoarthritis and obesity.BruceBlaus/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 4.0Obesity, metabolic disorders such as diabetes, and inflammation are major contributors to osteoarthritis progression. These conditions can affect just about every tissue in the body, including bone, cartilage, andOzempic and its kin work by mimicking glucagon-like peptide 1 , a natural hormone that stimulates insulin release to manage blood sugar levels. This hormone also tells the brain that mealtime has concluded, facilitating an appetite-suppressing effect. Therefore, it seems obvious that weight loss eases osteoarthritis by reducing load-bearing forces on the joints. But this isn't always the case. Existing osteoarthritis therapies are generally palliative. So while they may alleviate the symptoms, they don't address the underlying cause.obesity and osteoarthritis , treatment with semaglutide reduced pain and decreased cartilage degeneration. Mice also had fewer bone spurs and less severe lesions in their joint membranes. When the researchers compared cartilage from treated and untreated mice, they detected changes in the expression of nearly 8,300 proteins. They included a crucial control: a"pair-feeding" group that ate the same amount as the semaglutide-treated mice. Even with comparable weight changes, the pair-feeding group did not receive the same cartilage protection, suggesting a weight-loss-independent effect on the joint itself.Wikimedia Commons/CFCF/CC BY-SA 4.0Yet it seems the most important biological pathway altered by semaglutide is the"GLP-1R-AMPK-PFKFB3 axis," a cascade of compounds that affects how various cells produce energy., making them more efficient and allowing them to survive.chondrocytesGlycolysis doesn't require oxygen, so it supplies energy quickly during stressful, high-intensity exercise, like the morning sprint to catch the garbage truck. Yet, due to the lack of oxygen, glycolysis produces only two net ATP molecules per glucose molecule. But after semaglutide treatments, a process called oxidative phosphorylation became the preferred metabolic pathway for chondrocytes. Unlike glycolysis, OXPHOS uses oxygen and producesChondrocytes are cells responsible for synthesizing and maintaining collagen. , a joint-lubricating, especially effective form ofAt the end of the 24-week treatment period, the HA+semaglutide group experienced lower osteoarthritis pain scores and substantial improvements in knee function. analysis also revealed thicker cartilage and recent cartilage growth in the inner joint areas that bear weight and absorb shock from daily movements.
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