In the middle of the last century, physicists found that protons can resonate, much like a ringing bell. Advances over the last three decades have led to 3D pictures of the proton and significant insight into its structure in its ground state. But little is known about the 3D structure of the resonating proton.
Now, an experiment to explore the 3D structures of resonances of protons and neutrons at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has added one more puzzle piece to the vast picture of the chaotic, nascent universe that existed just after the Big Bang.and behaviors of nucleons offers critical insights into the basic building blocks of matter. Nucleons are the protons and neutrons that make up the nuclei of atoms.
A group of physicists from Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen in Germany and the University of Connecticut led the CLAS Collaboration effort to conduct an experiment exploring these nucleon resonances. The experiment was carried out at Jefferson Lab's world-class Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility . CEBAF is a DOE Office of Science user facility that supports the research of more than 1,800 nuclear physicists worldwide.
," said Diehl."In principle, this is just the beginning, and this measurement is opening a new field of research."The experiment was conducted in Experimental Hall B in 2018-2019 using Jefferson Lab's CLAS12 detector. A high-energy electron beam was sent into a chamber of cooled hydrogen gas. The electrons impacted the target's protons to excite the quarks within and produce nucleon resonance in combination with a quark-antiquark state—a so-called meson.
Diehl and others will discuss their results as part of a joint workshop on"Exploring resonance structure with transition GPDs" August 21–25 in Trento, Italy. The research has already inspired two theory groups to publish papers on the work.
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