This article commemorates the 45th anniversary of the Camp David Accords, a historic peace agreement signed between Egypt and Israel in 1979. It revisits the key figures involved, President Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat, and Menachem Begin, and the momentous occasion that paved the way for lasting peace in the region.
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FILE - President Jimmy Carter, center, is flanked by Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egypt's President Anwar Sadat as they faced newsmen at the conclusion of their discussions toward Middle East Peace moves at Carter's Camp David retreat in Maryland in September 1978. Begin, in a friendly challenge to Sadat, urged that the treaty be concluded before three months elapse. Sadat applauded the overture and nodded in agreement.
On the Sinai front, Carter said, Israel would withdraw its forces quickly, with the result being establishment of diplomatic relations between the two old foes in a 30-year conflict. Begin, in a tribute to Carter, said “he worked harder than our forefathers did in building the pyramids of Egypt.” “Mr. President,” Begin said to Carter, “you inscribed your name forever in the history of two ancient people, the people of Egypt and the people of Israel.”
One question mark remaining was whether the concessions offered by Israel to the Palestinian Arabs living on the West Bank of the Jordan into the peace process. Senate Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd said Carter asked to explain the agreements to a joint session of Congress at 8 p.m. EDT on Monday. The Sinai agreement calls for phased withdrawal of Israeli troops, starting as soon as six months from Sunday night and the return of Sinai airfields to Egyptian civilian control.
The major disagreement on the Sinai is the fate of Israeli settlements in captured territory. The officials said Egypt demands that Israel remove the settlements. The framework leaves unsettled the issues of the final borders between Israel and the new Palestinian entity and whether that entity will be a state, an affiliate of Jordan or something else.
The fact that Carter was meeting side-by-side with Sadat and Begin suggested that the summit had not ended in failure. Declining to say whether the Camp David summit had concluded, Sherman declared he had been authorized to make only a “procedural announcement.” No plans for a Carter-Begin-Sadat meeting were announced, however. They last met formally on Sept. 7.
Asked how Carter would report summit results to the nation, the official said the president had not yet decided. Congressional sources have said the White House has considered a presidential address to Congress or a nationally televised news conference. Those upbeat outlooks contrasted with pessimism reflected by the Egyptian press when summit spokesman Jody Powell first announced the 12-day conference would end by Sunday night.
At that point, Powell said, there was still no agreement on a “framework” for future negotiations between Egypt and Israel. That was Carter’s minimal goal when he invited Sadat and Begin to his secluded retreat in Maryland’s Catoctin Mountains.
Camp David Accords Egypt Israel Peace Agreement Anwar Sadat Jimmy Carter Menachem Begin
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