Discriminatory housing policies from the past may still have an impact on heart disease risk factors and outcomes today. More than 60 years after they were outlawed, the historical discriminatory housing practices known as 'redlining' are still connected to heart disease and related risk factors in
The most common kind of heart disease in the US is coronary artery disease , which can result in a heart attack.
The phrase “redlining” is used to refer to a variety of discriminatory housing practices. Its roots are in a government program from the 1930s when the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation produced maps of over 200 American towns with ratings based on racial/ethnic mix, housing conditions, and local surroundings.
A previous study demonstrated that Black adults living in historically redlined areas had a lower cardiovascular health score than Black adults living in A-graded neighborhoods. The current study supports this finding and extends the demonstrated health inequality nationally, showing that redlining not only affects coronary artery disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease but also is associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and a lack of access to appropriate medical care.
More than 11,000 HOLC-graded census tracts were included, comprising over 38.5 million inhabitants. The A-graded areas covered 7.1%, B-graded areas covered 19.4%, C-graded areas covered 42% and D-graded areas covered 31.5% of census tracts. The percentage of Black and Hispanic residents increased across HOLC grades . Across HOLC grades A through D, the researchers found statistically significant increases in the prevalence of coronary artery disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease.
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