Rare case of COVID-19 vaccine-induced hypophysitis in a woman with central diabetes insipidus manifestations COVID19 coronavirus covid diabetes vaccine vaccination hypophysitis
By Suchandrima BhowmikOct 11 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic brought about by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has adversely impacted public health worldwide, leading to millions of deaths. Vaccination is considered to be the most effective intervention for the reduction of COVID-19-related severe disease and death.
Hypophysitis is a rare and chronic inflammatory condition of the pituitary gland that causes anterior and/or posterior pituitary hormonal deficiencies and structural changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. This condition is highly heterogenous and can be caused by several medical treatments. About the study The study involved a 54-year-old female previously diagnosed with high blood pressure and treated with a calcium channel blocker. She reported no family or personal history of COVID-19, endocrine disease, autoimmune diseases, or upper respiratory tract infections. Three days after receiving the first SARS-CoV-2 vaccine , she reported the onset of nycturia and polyuria of almost 10 liters per day.
Study findings The results indicated that her blood pressure was 130/70 mm Hg, pulse rate was 90 beats per minute, BMI was 36 kg/m², levels of plasma osmolarity and serum sodium were high , as well as levels of urine osmolarity were low . The water deprivation test had to be stopped at the third hour due to excessive thirst intolerance. Moreover, the urine osmolarity was observed not to increase above 200 mosmol/ kg irrespective of 1 kg weight loss in 3 hours.