Researchers created a synthetic magnetic field using a superconducting quantum processor, which could enable them to precisely study complex phenomena in materials, like phase changes. This could shed light on properties of unique materials that may be used to create faster or more powerful electronics.
Quantum computers hold the promise to emulate complex materials, helping researchers better understand the physical properties that arise from interacting atoms and electrons. This may one day lead to the discovery or design of better semiconductors, insulators, or superconductors that could be used to make ever faster, more powerful, and more energy-efficient electronics.
Emulating electromagnetic fields is crucial to fully explore the properties of materials. In the future, this technique could shed light on key features of electronic systems, such as conductivity, polarization, and magnetization. "That leads to an obvious application, which is to use these superconducting quantum computers as emulators of materials," says Jeffrey Grover, a research scientist at MIT and co-author on the paper.
In materials, electrons"live" in atomic orbitals. When two atoms are close to one another, their orbitals overlap and electrons can"hop" from one atom to another. In the presence of a magnetic field, that hopping behavior becomes more complex. By precisely modulating these energy levels, the researchers enabled photons to hop between qubits in the same complex manner that electrons hop between atoms in a magnetic field.
Once they arrived at the right settings, they confirmed that the dynamics of the photons uphold several equations that form the foundation of electromagnetism. They also demonstrated the"Hall effect," a conduction phenomenon that exists in the presence of an electromagnetic field.Moving forward, they could use this technique to precisely study complex phenomena in condensed matter physics, such as phase transitions that occur when a material changes from a conductor to an insulator.
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