Physicists propose a solution to maintain communication in unpredictable quantum networks by strategically rebuilding connections. Entangled photons, crucial for quantum computing and communication, disappear after single use. Researchers discovered adding a critical number of links, proportional to the square root of the network's users, ensures persistent connectivity.
While entangled photons hold incredible promise for quantum computing and communications, they have a major inherent disadvantage. After one use, they simply disappear. In a new study physicists propose a new strategy to maintain communications in a constantly changing, unpredictable quantum network. By rebuilding these disappearing connections, the researchers found the network eventually settles into a stable -- albeit different -- state.
The key resides in adding a sufficient number of connections to ensure the network continues to function, the researchers found. Adding too many connections comes with a high cost, overburdening the resources. But adding too few connections results in a fragmented network that cannot satisfy the user demand.
"Quantum entanglement is the spooky, space-time-defying correlation between quantum particles," Meng said."It's a resource that allows quantum particles to talk to each other, so they can perform complex tasks together while ensuring no eavesdropper can intercept their messages." After exploring this problem, Kovács and his team sought to offer a solution. Through modeling, they found the exact number of links to add after each communication event. That number resides at the critical boundary between maintaining the network and fracturing the network. Surprisingly, the team found the critical number is just the square root of the number of users.
"The classical internet was not built to be fully robust," Kovács said."It naturally emerged due to technological constraints and user behavior. It was not designed, it just happened. But now we can do better with the quantum internet. We can design it to ensure it reaches its full potential."For a wide variety of emerging quantum technologies, such as secure quantum communications and quantum computing, quantum entanglement is a prerequisite.
Technology QUANTUM COMPUTING QUANTUM COMMUNICATION ENTANGLED PHOTONS QUANTUM NETWORKS CRITICALITY
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