High-visibility quantum interference between two independent semiconductor quantumdots achieved SPIEtweets
Fiber Transmission of Single Photons
The dominant loss is from the long-distance fiber transmission of the single photons. As the transmission rate of the fiber is, the loss over 300 km is 57 dB. Fiber transmission of single photons not only causes photon loss, but can also influence photon’s properties. For example, the orientation of photon polarization can be changed in optical fibers. The photon’s arrival time can drift due to the change of the fiber length caused by temperature fluctuation.
Efforts are taken to preserve the photon’s properties during the fiber transmission. To reduce the drift of the photon’s arrival time, the temperature of the fibers is stabilized within. The measured typical time drift is within 10 ps per hour, which is much smaller than the photon’s coherence time. A set of half-wave-plates and quarter-wave-plates is used to control the polarization. As shown in Fig.
There is also an effect of frequency dispersion in optical fibers owing to a wavelength-dependent velocity, which could reduce the indistinguishability of the single photons. The dispersions of QD1 and QD2 single photons over the 150-km fiber are 66.5 and 89.4 ps, respectively, which are comparable to the single photon’s coherence time of 105 to 120 ps. If two photons go through the same fiber length, they will experience the same dispersion.
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