Canadian researchers show how quantum data can be safely backed up without corrupting it, paving the way for quantum storage drives.
Researchers at the Institute for Quantum Computing at the University of Waterloo have developed a method to back up quantum information, overcoming the fundamental ‘no-cloning’ problem. This could help reliably create cloud data backup s in a quantum version of Dropbox or Google Drive, the researchers said.
Quantum computing is the next frontier of computing, promising a world of computation exponentially faster than today’s fastest supercomputers. The technology relies on quantum bits or qubits, the quantum version of binary bits. However, unlike binary bits, qubits do not exist in just two states; they can store large amounts of information in states between them, a phenomenon called superposition. This exponentially increases the qubit’s data storage capacity, which can then be leveraged to perform large calculations. Research institutes and private companies are looking to build computers using this approach that can help compute solutions to complex problems, such as drug research and even solving climate change. No-cloning theoremA notable feature of qubits is their tendency to lose their state when read. This is critical in applications such as quantum communication, since an eavesdropper would alter the qubit’s quantum state. This is known as the no-cloning theorem and has been considered a strength in quantum applications. This, however, poses a major problem in other fields, as the data cannot be copied without corrupting it. So, data from quantum states must be converted to binary format for storage. Due to superposition, a quantum computer with just 100 qubits could potentially store 2^100 states of information. This is not possible for binary computers to store, prompting the need to store quantum information in quantum states. The no-cloning theorem has presented a major challenge for quantum researchers, who have sought to overcome it with solutions such as imperfect cloning and probabilistic cloning, which uses the broadcasting of mixed states. While these assume that imperfect copies of quantum data can be equally useful, we also know that imperfect data can lead to rapid error accumulation, requiring additional quantum corrections. This has prompted researchers to develop more reliable methods for copying quantum data. How to copy quantum data? Achim Kempf, the Chair for Physics of Information and AI in the Department of Applied Mathematics, and Koji Yamaguchi, then a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Waterloo, co-discovered a method to copy quantum information without corrupting it. According to the researchers, if quantum data is copied during the encryption process, one can make as many copies as they like. “This method can bypass the no-cloning theorem because after one picks and decrypts one of the encrypted copies, the decryption key automatically expires, that is, the decryption key is a one-time-use key,” explained Yamaguchi in a press release.This one-time key is useful because it enables data storage and retrieval in the quantum cloud, serving its intended purpose. The research findings were published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
Inventions And Machines Quantum Computing Quantum Data Qubits University Of Waterloo
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