A tiny quantum “refrigerator” can ensure that a quantum computer’s calculations start off error-free – without requiring oversight or even new hardware
A tiny cooling device can automatically reset malfunctioning components of a quantum computer. Its performance suggests that manipulating heat could also enable other autonomous quantum devices.. In fact, if qubits – key components of this type of computer – accidentally heat up and become too energetic, they can end up in an erroneous state before the calculation even begins.
The researchers built two qubits and one “qutrit”, which can store more complex information than a qubit, from tiny superconducting circuits. The qutrit and one of the qubits formed a fridge for the second target qubit, which could eventually be used for computation. The researchers carefully engineered the interactions between the three components to ensure that when the target qubit had too much energy, which caused errors, heat automatically flowed out of it and into the two other elements. This lowered the target qubit’s temperature and reset it. Because this process was autonomous, the qubit-and-qutrit fridge could correct errors without any outside control.
The researchers are already looking into whether they could build on their experiment. For example, they might create an autonomous
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