While randomising a deck of cards gets more difficult as you add more cards, it turns out that the same isn't true for the qubits of quantum computers, which may prove surprisingly useful
Quantum computers can produce randomness much more easily than previously thought, a surprising discovery that shows we still have much to learn about how
Randomness is a key component of many computational tasks – weather forecasting, for example, involves simulating atmospheric behaviour many times over, each time with a slightly different initial configuration chosen randomly.
To show this, Schuster and his team imagined dividing a collection of qubits into smaller blocks, and then mathematically proved that these blocks could each produce a random sequence. Then, they proved that these smaller qubit blocks could be “glued” together, creating a well-shuffled version of the original set of qubits in a way that you wouldn’t necessarily expect.
“This is a much more complicated object than a classical shuffler. For example, the ordering of the top cards is no longer fixed, because we are a superposition of many possible re-orderings, so if I try the classical approach above and measure the location of the top cards after shuffling, I will just receive random outcomes each time, which contain no information about the shuffling whatsoever,” says Schuster. “It’s really a kind of new and intrinsically quantum phenomenon.
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