Study highlights the strong association between nutrition, particularly malnutrition, and the risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease, emphasizing early dietary interventions as key to reducing AD's global burden.
By Hugo Francisco de SouzaMar 10 2024Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. In a recent cross-sectional study published in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition, researchers used data from 266 participants along the cognitive impairment spectrum to investigate the association between nutrition and cognitive decline.
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cognitive disorder associated with old age. It is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by initial mild memory loss, which eventually declines into severely debilitating dementia. It is caused by the deposition of specific proteins, which results in the loss of neural connections. Despite substantial research in the field, a cure for the condition remains elusive, with clinical interventions focused on symptom management and progression delay.
Between April 2019 and April 202, 946 participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD without other neurological conditions relating to cognition and non-diet-based malnutrition were enrolled. Of these, 266 participants presented completed demographic and medical information and were included in the final analyses. These comprised 73 controls , 72 AD-MCI, and 121 AD-D samples.
Study findings The present study comprised 266 participants, 57.14% of whom were female, with a mean age of 64.89 years. Medical data revealed that 36.84% of participants carried the APOE ε4 allele, a common culprit in AD pathology. Body composition metrics showed that AD-D patients had, on average, substantially lower arm, waist, calf, and hip circumferences and lower BMIs compared to AD-MCI and NC cohorts.
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