At around 12 billion years old the stars in the ultra-faint galaxies formed less than 2 billion years after the Big Bang.
Despite their vast distance and origins in the early universe, the three ultra-faint dwarf galaxies which orbit the spiral galaxy known as NGC253, or the Sculptor Galaxy, have characteristics that resemble ultra-faint dwarf galaxies in the Local Group.
This means the new discovery could reveal more about ultra-faint dwarf galaxies in addition to helping unlock the secrets of the early universe and early galaxies.James Webb Space Telescope uncovers starbirth clues at 'cosmic noon' for 33,000 young stars "Our work is the necessary first step toward further understanding the faintest galaxies beyond the Local Group, and toward more robustly constraining the demographics of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies," lead researcher and assistant professor of physics and astronomy at Dartmouth College Mutlu-Pakdil said in a"We still do not know whether the Local Group ultra-faint dwarf galaxies are typical or unusual.
The three galaxies were first identified by the Megacam on the Magellan Clay Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. The discovery was subsequently confirmed with theUltra-faint dwarf galaxies are considered to be the least luminous and least chemically rich galaxies astronomers know of. Low-mass satellite galaxies such as these are, however, dominated by dark matter.
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