New research shows antibody cross-reactivity between human and animal coronaviruses SciImmunology immunology research antibody antigen covid SARSCoV2 COVID19 zoonosis
By Neha MathurJun 27 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent article published in the Science Immunology Journal, researchers probed for antibody binding against all seven human coronaviruses and 49 animal coronaviruses represented as 12,924 peptides within a phage immunoprecipitation sequencing library.
Thus, in contrast to nucleic acid–based testing, serological testing allows an assessment of the past exposure to a pathogen, thereby uncovering the contribution of asymptomatic cases. We have also demonstrated that PhIP-Seq can represent a powerful method to identify the targets of recombinant human mAbs, including cross-reactive recognition of similar peptides.
Related StoriesThe study COVID-19 cohort had patients with mild symptoms who did not need hospitalization. However, if this cohort had patients with severe symptoms, the study used aCoV antigen library that could help compare antibody profiles of mild and severe COVID-19 patients against seasonal hCoVs. This information could inform us about the protective effects of cross-reactivity.
Due to their back-boosting, cross-reactive antibodies affected the severity of the disease. However, preexisting aCoV-specific memory cells with cross-reactive potential provided more protection against SARS-CoV-2 upon re-exposure. Nonetheless, these hypotheses require further investigation.
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