An estimated 2.8 million people around the world have multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disease in which the immune system damages the brain and spinal cord.
, which generally happens when immune cells, originally generated to fight infection, instead attack proteins in the body of a similar shape.
Our study found that these antibodies generated in response to EBNA1, rather than fighting EBV infection, instead can target a similar-looking protein found in areas of the brain that become inflamed in MS, called alpha-crystallin B, or Cryab. We found that these Cryab antibodies were present in up to 23 percent of MS patients and only 7 percent of controls, suggesting this process could be involved in either the triggering or progression of MS disease in up to one-quarter of patients.
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