Additional research is required to elucidate the potential biological pathways, according to the authors of the study. High levels of lean muscle could protect against Alzheimer’s disease, according to a comprehensive study featured in the open-access journal BMJ Medicine. However, the study author
A new study suggests that higher levels of lean muscle might reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. While lean muscle’s protective effect against Alzheimer’s was evident, further research is required to understand the underlying mechanisms and its broader health implications.
Obesity has been associated with a heightened risk of Alzheimer’s disease in numerous studies, possibly explained by the attendant increased inflammation, insulin resistance, and higher levels in fat tissue of the protein harmful to brain health, amyloid β. They drew on 450, 243 UK Biobank participants; an independent sample of 21,982 people with, and 41,944 people without, Alzheimer’s disease; a further sample of 7329 people with, and 252,879 people without, Alzheimer’s disease to validate the findings; and 269,867 people taking part in a genes and intelligence study.
On average, higher lean muscle mass was associated with a modest, but statistically robust, reduction in Alzheimer’s disease risk. Nor was body fat, adjusted for lean mass, associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, but it was associated with poorer cognitive task performance. But they caution: “Our findings need to be replicated with independent lines of complementary evidence before informing public health or clinical practice. Also, more work is needed to determine the cut-off values for age and degree of pathology of Alzheimer’s disease after which modifications of lean mass might no longer reduce the risk.”
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