Using COVID-19 vaccine technology, researchers created an mRNA vaccine targeting C difficile, showing strong immune responses in animal studies.
infections have also become more frequent. The increase in infections has been attributed to the emergence of highly virulent and antibiotic-resistant strains.infections at 2.2 per 1000 hospital admissions per year and 3.5 per 10,000 patient-days per year. Vaccine candidates tested so far have used toxoids or recombinant proteins targeting the combined repetitive oligopeptide or receptor-binding domain of the two primarytoxins, TcdA and TcdB.
Mice vaccinated with the bivalent and trivalent vaccines produced immunoglobulin G antibody titers two to four times higher than those elicited by recombinant protein with an adjuvant. The vaccination stimulated the proliferation of follicular T helper cells and the antigen-specific response of B lymphocytes, laying the foundation for a strong and long-lasting humoral response. The vaccines were also immunogenic in hamsters.
Vaccinated mice not only survived a toxin dose five times higher than the 100% lethal dose but also demonstrated the vaccine's protective effect through serum transfer; unvaccinated mice given serum from vaccinated mice survived the lethal challenge. More importantly, when exposed to a lethal dose of the bacterium itself, all vaccinated mice survived.
In tests with nonhuman primates, two doses of the vaccines targeting either the vegetative form or the spores elicited strong immune responses against bacterial toxins and virulence factors. Human trials may indeed be on the horizon.
Clostridium Difficile Infection Clostridium Difficile-Associated Disease C. Diff-Associated Disease Vaccine Vaccines COVID-19 Vaccine Coronavirus Vaccine Immunizations Vaccination Biologic Therapy Biologics Animal Research Animal Testing Animal Studies Animal Study Antigens Pseudomembranous Colitis Toxicology Toxicity Poisoning Toxins Artificial Intelligence
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