NASA's returned asteroid samples reveal building blocks for life

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NASA's returned asteroid samples reveal building blocks for life
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NASA's Osiris-Rex spacecraft returned the samples from Bennu, a near-Earth asteroid, in 2023. It's the biggest cosmic haul from beyond the moon.

Asteroid samples that were returned on a NASA spacecraft show the ingredients of life. What’s more, the samples also have the salty remains of an ancient water world, scientists said on Wednesday.

The latest findings provide the strongest evidence that asteroids may have planted the seeds of life on Earth and that these ingredients were mingling with water almost right from the start. NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft returned with 4 ounces of dust and pebbles from the near-Earth asteroid Bennu in 2023.The samples contained black grains and were dispersed to two separate research teams for study. The sodium-rich minerals had the presence of amino acids, nitrogen in the form of ammonia and even parts of the genetic code. NASA’s Daniel Glavin said one of the biggest surprises was the relatively high abundance of nitrogen, including ammonia.

"That's the kind of environment that could have been essential to the steps that lead from elements to life," said the Smithsonian Institution’s Tim McCoy, one of the lead study authors. "This discovery was only possible by analyzing samples that were collected directly from the asteroid then carefully preserved back on Earth," the Institute of Science Tokyo’s Yasuhito Sekine, who was not involved in the studies, said in an accompanying editorial.

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