Science, Space and Technology News 2024
The mapping of the sugarcane genome marks a scientific milestone, unlocking new possibilities in crop improvement and disease management, thus fostering advances in agricultural productivity and bioenergy development. Credit: SciTechDaily.com
Sugarcane’s reference genome could be used to help breed more resilient crops or to increase sugar production, with applications in agriculture and bioenergy.Modern hybrid sugarcane is one of the most harvested crops on the planet, used to make products including sugar, molasses, bioethanol, and bio-based materials. It also has one of the most complex genetic blueprints.
Sugarcane’s genome is so complex both because it is large and because it contains more copies of chromosomes than a typical plant, a feature called polyploidy. Sugarcane has about 10 billion base pairs, the building blocks of DNA; for comparison, the human genome has about 3 billion. “When we sequenced the genome, we were able to fill a gap in the genetic sequence around brown rust disease,” said Adam Healey, first author of the paper and a researcher at HudsonAlpha.
Improving future varieties of sugarcane has potential applications in both agriculture and bioenergy. Enhancing how sugarcane produces sugar could increase the yield farmers get from their crops, providing more sugar from the same amount of growing space.
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