Metabolomic differences in breast milk throughout lactation UV_EG breastmilk metabolomicdifferences lactation
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaFeb 28 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. Human milk is considered the gold standard for the nutrition of infants, as it provides several dietary benefits to the mother-infant dyads for both the short and long term. HM comprises various types of cells including leukocytes and epithelial cells; however, data on cellular diversity and phenotypic characteristics during lactation are limited.
All lactating women who were willing to participate in the study and did not suffer from communicable diseases were included and enrolled between November 2021 and December 2021.
The immunocytochemical profiles were assessed using hierarchical cluster analysis, whereas principal component analysis was performed to detect the key sources of metabolomic variations in breast milk during lactation. Leukocyte counts in colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk were 18, five, and one, respectively. Keratinocyte counts in the corresponding samples were zero, one, and one, respectively, whereas glandular epithelial cell counts were 82, 94, and 98, respectively. The total cell counts in colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk were 706, 196, and 16, respectively.
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